Easy as Pie? Square Reaches For a Slice of the Consumer Lending Market
June 30, 2017Tod Wilson, founder of Mr. Tod’s Pie Factory in Englewood, N.J., is a Square Capital chief evangelist. Mr. Tod not only uses Square instead of what he describes as a “clunky cash register” but he also gained access to capital from Square via a small business loan that allowed him to expand his pie company.
Now Mr. Tod has the two criteria that qualify him as a candidate for Square Capital’s latest product, Square Installments, which is purchase financing offered to consumers of small businesses on the Square Invoices platform. First, he is one of about 225,000 businesses that use Square Invoice products nationwide; and second his business is based in New Jersey, which is one of half a dozen states that are participating in Square Capital’s pilot program for purchase financing.
“We do invoice via Square, and this sounds like another great product they’ve developed to help entrepreneurs run their business,” Mr. Tod told AltFinanceDaily, adding that “I don’t believe our invoice transaction amount would make us a great candidate to comment – at least not until we begin selling them in gold pie tins!”
Square is extending purchase financing to consumers for invoices between $250 and $10,000.
Speed, Flexibility & Transparency
Square Capital has been serving the small business owner for the past three years, and so it’s only natural to now target consumers. Meanwhile Square Installments has a striking resemblance to the core features of Square’s small business lending, mainly speed, flexibility and transparency.
For instance, Square Installments is integrated directly into Square Invoices. Sellers send an invoice to customers. Eligible invoices include the option for customers to pay either with a credit card or to pay over time with Square Installments. The loan amount matches the purchase price on the invoice.
A square spokesman said Square Invoices is for merchants ranging from retail to professional services.
“The use case we see from businesses is diverse. We imagine larger ticket purchases, like furniture, appliances or something along the lines of professional services, such as home improvement projects or repairs, installing a fence or solar panels on a house. Imagine going to the veterinarian and having unexpected costs,” he said, adding that the list goes on.
Customers can then choose to repay the loan over three, six or 12 month installments. All three offers have an attached APR of 9.99 percent.
“With the offers customer see the rate and exactly what the monthly payment would be at that rate over the course of the loan. It’s a really simple transaction and upfront in terms of what the total costs would be with those monthly installments,” said a Square spokesperson.
Square uses their own models to determine credit eligibility based on a host of data inputs and some external credit factors. “We take a holistic view of customers’ credit worthiness to decide whether or not they are eligible for the loan,” the spokesperson said. “Many of those applications will be approved instantly.”
Once the customer is approved the small business is paid instantly, shifting the risk of the unpaid balance over to Square Capital.
“We’re really in the early stages at this point. We’re just starting the pilot. There are no default projections,” the spokesperson said.
In addition to New Jersey, the Square Installments pilot is actively being rolled out across California, Colorado, Florida, New York and Virginia.
Square to Expand Beyond Business Loans to Consumer Loans
June 27, 2017Square is making the leap from business loans to consumer loans, according to the WSJ. The company, which already makes loans to its payment processing clients, will now begin offering loans to the customers of those clients. The WSJ reports that the loans will be available in six states including California, New York and Florida. They also used a wedding photographer and a veterinarian as examples of services that consumers may wish to finance.
Square Capital head Jacqueline Reses is quoted as saying that there are no plans to get into car loans or mortgages.
Square Lent $251 Million to Small Businesses in Q1
May 4, 2017It was another big quarter for Square Capital, who originated more than 40,000 business loans for a total of $251 million. That’s an increase of 64% year-over-year but only up 1.2% from the previous quarter. The company had $51 million in loans held for sale on their balance sheet as of March 31st.
Overall, Square, Inc. had a net loss of $15 million for the quarter compared to a $96.7 million loss over the same period last year. Investors took the news in stride, pushing the stock price up from under $18.50 to temporarily over $20.
Of notable interest in the fine print of their 10-Q, is acknowledgement that there have been and could be challenges to the chartered bank model on which they rely to make their loans, to the point where they say it’s possible they could one day have to revert back to the merchant cash advance model.
We have partnered with a Utah-chartered, member FDIC industrial bank to originate the loans. There has been, and may continue to be, regulatory interest in and/or litigation challenging partnered lending arrangements where a bank makes loans and then sells and assigns such loans to a non-bank entity that is engaged in assisting with the origination and servicing of the loan. If our bank partner ceases to partner with us, ceases to abide by the terms of our agreement with them, or cannot partner with us on commercially reasonable terms, and we are not able to find suitable alternatives and/or obtain licenses to make loans ourselves, Square Capital may need to enter into a new partnership with another qualified financial institution, revert to the merchant cash advance (MCA) model, or pursue an alternative model for originating loans, all of which may be time-consuming and costly and/or lead to a loss of institutional third party investors willing to purchase such loans or MCAs, and as a result Square Capital may be materially and adversely affected.
Square originally relied on the merchant cash advance model but switched to making loans after they found it challenging to package them up and sell them to investors.
Square Capital Made More Loans, Maintained Default Percentage, Continued to Show Why They’re A Tough Competitor in Fintech Loan Market
February 22, 2017Square has continued to set itself apart in the fintech lending space. The company announced Wednesday that Square Capital had facilitated 40,000 business loans for a total of $248 million in the fourth quarter of 2016. And they did that while holding their default rate at 4%.
A look at their recent loan volume compared to their competitor OnDeck:
| 2016 | Square | OnDeck |
| Q1 | $153,000,000 | $570,000,000 |
| Q2 | $189,000,000 | $590,000,000 |
| Q3 | $208,000,000 | $613,000,000 |
| Q4 | $248,000,000 | $632,000,000 |
Square Capital’s biggest competitive advantage is that they have practically no acquisition cost for their borrowers. “We’re able to upsell and cross-sell to our base of millions of sellers with minimal incremental cost,” Square’s Q4 earnings presentation says. Their payment’s customers, which they can convert to borrowers, processed around $50 billion in transactions last year.
Square had a net loss of $171.6 million across 2016 however, the bulk of which originated in the first quarter. The net loss for Q4 was only $15 million.
Square Beats Revenue Estimates with $439 Million; Lending Business Grows 70%
November 2, 2016Square Inc’s stock jumped 7 percent on Wednesday, thanks to upbeat earnings reported Tuesday.
The Jack Dorsey-led company recorded a loss of $32 million for the third quarter, compared to $52 million in the comparable period last year, and beat analysts’ revenue estimates of $430 million, with a 32 percent jump in revenue totaling $439 million.
Square processed $13.2 billion worth of transactions through its point of sale devices, up 39 percent since last year and the company’s lending business, Square Capital grew 70 percent annually, extending $208 million through 35,000 loans. With this, it has originated over $1 billion in two years.
Square Capital loans are made by Celtic Bank and loan offers are presented using the Total Cost of Capital method, where cost is disclosed as a precise dollar amount so that potential borrowers will know exactly how much they will have to pay. By enforcing a fixed 18 month term, Square differentiates its loan product from a merchant cash advance or a purchase of future sales.
Square CFO Sarah Friar told CNBC that there is still a lot of room for growth in the Square ecosystem with existing merchants, even as the company extends credit to businesses that do not use Square for payments. Friar also said that the company is “executing on all cylinders” to beat estimates for revenue and growth.
It’s Not About Replacing Banks, Square CEO Says
October 30, 2016
It’s not about replacing banks, it’s about making financial services more accessible, said Square CEO Jack Dorsey in regards to what his company and others in the fintech space are doing. During his fireside chat-style address at Money2020, he bemoaned chipped card transactions for being so slow while defending their decision to go public when they did.
“It took us a long time to get [transaction times] down to under five seconds,” Dorsey said. Their goal is to get it down to 3 seconds, which is 7 seconds faster than today’s industry average. The payments CEO who is also the CEO of twitter, appeared to empathize with consumers on long wait times with chipped cards. People aren’t happy,” he said. “It’s really, really, really slow.” While more security is good, he argued that it has to be complemented by a frictionless experience for consumers.
Square Capital, their lending division, was hardly mentioned during his time on stage, which seemed more a consequence of his time allotment than its relative importance. The company funded $189 million to their small business customers in the second quarter. “Our goal is to make sure we’re helping our sellers grow,” Dorsey said. “As they grow, we grow.”
When asked if the timing of their IPO last November was the right choice, Dorsey said that going public should be viewed as an enabler, not the goal. “It’s an investment vehicle,” he argued while standing by their decision. Notably, compared to OnDeck and Lending Club, Square is the only one of the bunch to be currently trading above its IPO price. The stock recently closed at $11.15, up 24% from their $9 IPO on November 19, 2015.
A Glimpse into Square Capital’s Marketing
October 20, 2016As a merchant, Square has marketed their Square Capital program to me before. But this is the first time I’ve received direct mail marketing from them. Here’s a snapshot of what that looks like:
To view the potential offers, merchants are directed to log in to their Square accounts where they will see multiple terms. Even though their particular product is a loan made possible through Celtic Bank, all of the proposed loan offers are presented using the Total Cost of Capital method. That means cost is disclosed as a precise dollar amount so that potential borrowers will know exactly how much they will have to pay. Several studies have indicated that this is the easiest to understand, though it has been subject to some debate.
“There are no ongoing interest charges for your loan, only the one-time upfront fee that is listed as a dollar amount,” the Square Capital FAQ page states. “The total cost of the loan is a fixed fee and the total amount owed never changes.”
One of the defining features that makes Square Capital’s loan product different from a merchant cash advance or a purchase of future sales, is that Square enforces a fixed 18 month term. “If the loan hasn’t been repaid in full at the end of 18 months, the remaining loan balance will be due in full,” they state. That is completely unlike a purchase transaction in which there is no deadline or term. Even MCA purchase transactions that stipulate fixed daily payments do not actually have fixed terms. That’s usually because if a merchant’s sales activity rises or falls, they have the contractual right to request an adjustment to those payments to effectuate the basis of the agreement, that future sales be delivered in accordance with the unpredictable ebb and flow of business. That makes the date in which delivery will be satisfied in full unknowable. It’s that unknowable that can cause MCA transactions to be more expensive than their loan counterparts, though that is absolutely not always the case.
For Square, unknowable contract satisfaction dates likely made it difficult to bundle these deals up to sell off to institutional investors. Square Capital head Jackie Reses articulated this challenge during her appearance on an April 2016 LendIt stage. “From an investor side, that’s really where the savings are between the form of an MCA and the form of a loan, in that there’s an actual repayment date,” she said.
Even institutional investors recognize and understand that MCA purchase agreements do not have fixed terms.
Square Capital Outgrows Square
August 11, 2016
You don’t need to process payments through Square anymore to get a loan from Square Capital. Restaurants that use Upserve, a restaurant payments and data analytics system, are now eligible as well.
Formerly known as Swipely, Upserve is still relatively small, with only 7,000 restaurants as customers. But it’s a milestone for Square nonetheless, whose loan program within their own ecosystem has become so successful, that they feel comfortable venturing outside of it.
“We are proud to partner with Upserve and offer loans through Square Capital to even more small businesses who traditionally face barriers when seeking access to funds,” said Jacqueline Reses, Head of Square Capital.
The move puts them on a path to truly competing with other alternative lenders such as OnDeck and CAN Capital. Loans are repaid just like they are through Square, through a percentage of each day’s card sales with the option to repay early at no additional fee.
